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地震预报

据国际组织预报今年地球将进入地球地震年 所以在这里给朋友们推荐一种地震预报的方法是:把一块磁铁用绳子挂在高处,下面正对地板砖或一个铁盆,磁铁上粘一块大铁块。地震前地球磁场发生剧烈变化,磁铁会失去磁性。铁块掉下来,落在地上或盆上,发出响声。此法在房屋没有晃动前就会提前预警。提前时间10分钟至几十秒。如果掉下来了,必发生大震。有什么QQ群的尽量转发一下,让更多的人知道,也许你的传播在以后会救许多人的性命

引自某小众QQ群。

庙算也有玻璃门

个人或组织分析诊断之事 本身也有诊断效能高低的分别 也占精力时间这还不能说是工欲善其事必先利其器 应该说成庙算朝议
其组织经营的优秀评价标准应是形而上的方法论 其成果是形而下的组织绩效

基于SOA构建企业商务信息的集成化管理

基于SOA构建企业商务信息的集成化管理

2010-4-6 10:57:14 【来源】 中国电子商务研究中心 【作者】 佚名 【进入论坛】

将BPM向SOA迁移,可最大程度地降低企业商务流程本身的复杂性,提升企业信息的集成化水平。
本文重点: SOA 集 成化

企 业对于信息技术的运作有两种基本形式:创建信息和调用信息。传统的信息运作方式虽然大大推进了生产力,但又反作用于信息技术,促使企业内外部商务信息的大 规模集成。另外,程序语言的发展也经历了如表1所描述的4个关键阶段。

可以看出,IT和程序语言发展的过程实质为逐步降低耦合性的过程,也 是接口和接口实现之间逐渐分离的过程。web service实现了松散耦合的服务和粗粒度的服务,它虽然采用的标准的SOAP协议,但其本质上只是一个特定的服务组件。

SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture,面向服务的架构)是在web Service的基础上发展起来的,它最大限度地重用应用程序中的服务,包含且超越了现有的一切技术和架构,其目的就是做到业务和技术的完全分离,实现敏 捷的、不受限制的信息集成。因此,可以把SOA看作一种哲学种描述商务流程、捆绑各种服务、组织IT基础结构的方法论,一种在计算环境中设计、开发、部署 和管理”服务”的模型。

一、基于SOA架构的BPM方案

早在SOA诞生之 前,BPM(Business Process Management,商务流程管理)产品已经出现并成功实施。处于流程1.0时代的企业通常从头至尾地建立各个业务部门相对独立的流程系统,其间缺乏配 合和协同。随着亚当斯密的部门分工理论的没落,快速变化、整合、分布等方面的困难一度阻碍了BPM的应用,使企业逐步丧失竞争优势。在用完整的价值链考察 企业竞争力的今天,缺乏灵活性、高昂的变革成本、以IT为中心的传统应用等因素又促使BPM市场急剧增长。同时,IDC提出流程企业应进化到2.0阶段, 使用SOA的思想方法和技术架构组装企业的BPM,而BPM的重新崛起在很大程度上又推动着SOA的发展。

BPM主要应用于商务流程自动化 (BPA)、异构系统的无缝整合(EAI)、企业流程建模分析(BPM的核心)和监控企业活动以实现流程持续改进(BAM),每个场合都与SOA关系密 切。要从BPM迁移到SOA,跨越信息技术与业务之间的鸿沟,需引入一个服务层,该层包含支持特定业务域的服务线、可跨多个业务域共享的可复用技术服务以 及Web Services平台,允许以各种独立于底层服务和技术平台的方式定义和利用服务。从技术层面看,SOA和BPM结合<优麦电子商务论文>的 方法主要有以下两种:

1.BPEL WSDL:先定义好一个BPEL流程,然后把它纳入到SCA容器中去。在定义构件时,可使用子元素的process属性指明这个可执行的BPEL流程的目 标名称。

2.BPEL应用SCA的某个构件。例如,一个BPEL的变量声明可以包含一个SCA的扩展,表明这个变量代表了一个SCA构件的 属性。

二、企业商务信息集成

尽管通向SOA的路径仍然十分模糊,架构承诺实现的目标也遥 不可及,但仍有很多企业做好了实施路线图并逐步向SOA看齐。以下列举一些SOA项目实施的成功案例。

1.BPM结合条形码解决生产数据方 案。某企业的生产过程共有23道工序,BPM系统会根据ERP下达的最新订单信息自动发起流程。CIO希望在流程发起时工人可通过条码终端录入数据进入 BPM系统,将流程推入下一环节,最终实现数据采集和报表数据的分析过程。据此,整个BPM方案应基于SOA架构,将现有ERP和制造执行系统中的Bar Code系统相整合,即可解决生产条码整合的问题。

2.商务系统信息集成方案。X公司内部先后实施了OA、ERP、DSS、B2B电子分 销、SCM等由不同厂家提供或自主开发的相对独立的系统。随着业务的不断进展,需要进行如下的集成:(1)企业内部商务流程的集成使企业内部整体的商务流 程更加完整和流畅。考虑到业务需求,不同的商务流程之间需要进行实时无缝的链接,因此可通过集成中间件平台,将X公司的各商务系统的商务流程与ERP系统 进行整合。(2)企业之间商务流程的集成使整个供应链的商务流程更加完整和流畅。通过集成中间件平台集成X公司与供应商ABC公司的异构ERP系统。主要 定义了产品信息、产品采购、采购订单状态这三个商务流程标准。

3.项目成功的关键因素。实践表明,在影响BPM成功部署的因素中,类似公司 政治、变更管理、缺乏技术娴熟的业务分析师以及组织协调等方面的难题远大于技术难题。在战术层面,企业需要合适的系统架构师,以正确实施BPM和SOA的 混合分步部署。在BPM流程分析基础上,持续改进,识别出最有价值的商务流程模型去实施企业级SOA;在企业级SOA基础上,逐步积累,更深入广泛地推广 BPM应用。而合理采用融合SOA和BPM的软件产品,会带来事半功倍的效果。

基于SOA架构的BPM使企业机构快速部署和改变流程,有助 于满足跨越系统、地域和组织界限的端到端商务流程需求,使企业具备敏捷的商务竞争优势。要成功部署SOA,企业不能仅关注技术,更应把持续改进流程作为先 进的管理理念和必不可少的长期商务战略。

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如果您希望与本文章的作者或其所在机构,进一步交流,请联系:畅享网 姜小姐
jill.jiang@amteam.org | 021-51096826-102 | 在线联系

Fwd: Deepest Health: blogging Classical Chinese Medicine

Deepest Health: blogging Classical Chinese Medicine

Posted: 08 Apr 2008 01:32 PM CDT
Last term at NCNM, the Classical Chinese Medicine students in my class took a course with Paul Kalnins, an anthroposophical researcher and natural medicine superstar, about the pharmacology of natural substances. We were asked to write a paper about a particular herb, bringing together Chinese and Western information about it. I asked my class if anyone would be interested in bringing their paper public, and one brave soul took me up on my offer – Danit Polunsky. Below find the results of her research – lightly modified from the original. It’s been a while since I’ve talked about a single herb, so I thought this would be welcomed. I’ll put my paper up next – on Wu Zhu Yu.
Huang Qi: Astragalus Propinquus – aka: Astragalus membranaceu
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Astragalus
Species: A propinquus
Botany:
Huang qi prefers sandy to loamy soil, which is well drained, or even dry. Huang qi likes soil that is neutral & alkaline, in a sunny location; it will not grow in the shade. Huang qi, Astragalus membranaceus, is an herbaceous perennial with a deep straight tapering taproot.
Each flower has five petals; the banner is large and envelopes the rest of the petals in a bud, often relaxing when the flower blooms. The two adjacent petals are the wings, surrounding the two bottom petals with claws one and a half times the length of the limb. The two bottom petals are fused together at the apex, remaining free at the base and forming a boat-like keel. Together the petals are whorled into a bell shape (calyx campanulate), 8 to 9 mm long, forming a tube 3 times longer than the linear subulate lobes. Each flower is hermaphroditic with 10 stamen, 9 fused and 1 free. They are pollinated by bees, moths and butterflies. Huang qi’s flowers turn into legumes that are 10 to 13 mm long, papery and glabrous. The seeds are dark brown, kidney shaped, and 7 to 8 mm long.
The taproot grows 30 to 100 cm long and 0.5 to 2 (rarely 2.5 ) cm in diameter. It is twisted near the crown, wider at the top, and generally stripped of secondary rootlets. The outer surface is light grayish-yellow to yellowish-beige with longitudinal wrinkles irregularly dispersed throughout horizontal lenticel-like patterns. A cross section of the top portion of root reveals 2 to 3 mm thick light yellowish-white outer cortex surrounding light yellow xylem that look like cracks in larger roots. The root has an overall fibrous texture, making it difficult to break, a slightly starchy aroma, and a starchy, mildly sweet slightly acrid, bean-like taste. Many of the Fabaceae host diazotrophs in their root nodules. Diazotrophs take nitrogen gas out of the air and convert it into a form of nitrogen that is usable to the plant, such as ammonia, nitrate, and nitrogen dioxide, in a process called Nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixation is important for replenishing the soil nutrients

Traditionally, the roots of 4 to 5 year old plants are collected in the spring or autumn; the autumn harvest is superior to the spring harvest. In the autumn the qi is descending and internalizing in preparation for winter, which is reflected in the qi of the root herb. The spring qi is emerging upward and outward, striving for growth and spreading from the root into the leaves. After gathering, the roots are cleaned and graded according to size. Some roots are dried whole, while others are cut and sliced. Most authorities report increased potency and increased root size from plants in the Shanxi Province and Mongolia in western northeast China. The Huang qi samples from Shanxi province and Mongolia show high astragaloside I and II concentrations in fingerprint analysis tests.2 Comparative chemical analyses of roots of varying age show that the isoflavone and astragloside concentrations, the constituents correlated with activity, decrease as the diameter of the roots increases. Increasing age also correlates to a decrease in concentration of most constituents.
High quality roots are dry, but still supple and resistant to snapping. The outer surface is relatively unwrinkled, with a floury texture and a solid deep yellow core — in contrast to material which is lacking a core or roots in which the core is black or pithy.
Western Perspectives on Huang Qi activity:
Huang Qi is known for three main groups of active constituents. Flavonoids and isoflavanoids, which give the root slice a yellow color, are metabolized on the Shikimate pathway. Flavonoids are generally known for anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects which assist the body’s reaction to allergens, viruses, and carcinogens. It is believed that isofavanoid activity will help restore impaired immune systems. Saponins are common ingredients of Fabaceaea family members. Saponins are triterpenoids, formed through the mevalonic acid pathway. Saponins are common adaptogens, known to enliven blood circulation and resolve phlegm. Huang qi also has long-chain polysaccharides with potential medicinal benefit mediated by white blood cells.
The majority of Western research on Huang qi is focused on its immune stimulation activity and its ability to restore the activity of a suppressed immune system. In an epidemiological study in China, 1000 individuals were administered Huang qi orally or as a nasal spray to test its preventative effects in upper respiratory illnesses. The incidence of common colds decreased on the whole, and the duration of the colds contracted was shortened dramatically.
Huang qi’s remarkable ability to restore the functioning of a suppressed immune system has been labeled within Chinese medicine as fu zheng gu ben, “restore the correct and secure the root.” It is used to enhance non-specific immunity, protect adrenal cortical function during radiation and chemotherapy, and ameliorate bone marrow depression.4 Studies report general immune stimulation that include increased stem cell generation of blood cells and platelets, increased lymphocyte proliferation, increased numbers of antibody producing cells, increased numbers of spleen cells, stimulation of phagocytic activity by macrophages and leukocytes, and increased cytotoxicity by natural killer cells.
In the body, Astragalus increases the activities of Th-1 cytokines and decreases Th-2 cytokines. Th1 cytokines protect against intracellular pathogens like viruses and some bacteria, and are implicated in organ transplant rejection and miscarriage. By inhibiting the production of Th 2 cykotones, Huang qi inhibits the defense against extracellular pathogens, but may exacerbate allergies and asthma.5
In China, Huang Qi is used widely in treating cancer, both as a primary treatment and as an adjunct to chemical and radiation therapies. Most frequently Huang qi is combined with Chuan Xiong (lingusticum wallichii). In a number of randomized prospective clinical studies of cancer patients using a combination of Huang qi and Chuan Xiong, it was found that breast cancer patients given a combination of these herbs as an adjunct to irradiation treatments showed a decrease in deaths from 1 in 2, to 1 in 10. The exact formulas and ratios are not recorded, and in practice may vary due to individual constitution. In another study of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy was compared to the effectiveness of chemotherapy in conjunction with the Huang qi and Chuan Xiong formula. Patients with squamous carcinoma showed a significant increase in survival time averaging 204 to 465 days; patients with adenocarcinoma showed a less significant increase in survival from 192 to 324 days6.
Huang qi’s antioxidant activity has been studied in its benefit to the cardiovascular system and has shown improvement in clinical parameters associated with angina, congestive heart failure, and acute myocardial infarct. A number of isoflavonoids have been identified with free radical scavenging activity, and Huang qi’s polysaccharides also report prevention of free radical damage.
A Classical Chinese Medicine Perspective:
Huang Qi’s recorded use dates back to the first century AD in the Shennong Bencao Jing, the Divine Husbandman’s Classic of Materia Medica, in which Huang qi is classified as a “superior herb.” The superior herbs are “rulers…they control the maintenance of life and correspond to heaven. They do not have a markedly medicinal effectiveness. Taking [Huang qi] in large amounts or over a long period of time is not harmful to man. If one wishes to take the material weight from the body, to supplement the influences [circulating in the body], and to prolong the years of life without aging” these herbs should be used.1 Crude Huang qi extract tested on rats and mice confirm Huang qi’s safety – no toxic reactions or mutagenic effects occurred.
According to the Ben Cao Bei Yao, Essentials of Materia Medica “When used in harmonizing preparations, it tonifies and supplements; in sweating preparations it relieves the surface; in cooling preparations, it drains pathogenic heat; in moistening preparations, it nourishes the yin and blood.”
Wang Haogu, an herbalist of the Jin-Yuan reform period, maintains that “Huang qi replenishes the defensive and, therefore, is a medicinal for the exterior. It boosts the spleen and stomach and, therefore, is medicinal for the center. Since it is able to treat cold damage with the cubit pulse not arriving, it supplements the kidney origin and, hence, is medicinal for the internal.” Through this explanation, Huang qi is seen as a broadly useful tonic ingredient to include in prescriptions.10
Huang qi’s sweet flavor and slightly warm nature tonifies the Spleen, Lung, and Zheng qi. It aids in replenishing the blood, uplifting yang, securing the exterior and reinforcing wei qi. It promotes growth of new tissue, urination, and suppuration. It circulates qi, reducing edema, and it drains yin fire. 8
Huang qi strongly tonifies the yuan qi. It restores both of the Spleen’s major functions; transformation and transportaion of yang qi drawn from the food into circulation via the Spleen’s other function of building new blood. When qi is strong it can more effectively impel the circulation of blood, which in turn helps resolve disease. Strengthening qi to move blood indirectly eliminates blood stasis without injuring zheng qi, as applied in the Bu Yang Huan We Tang: Tonify Yang to Restore the Five Decoction. The chief herb is Huang qi at 120 g, while the supporting herbs are dosed at 3 to 6 g to give the blood an extra, gentle push. 11 It is also often used to assist in recovery after severe blood loss and to promote healing. It is especially helpful from its Lung affiliation in enhancing eliminative functions of skin, especially promoting healing or elimination of non-healing or non-festering chronic sores or ulcerations. 8
The five best know formulas utilizing Huang qi are

Formula name
Uses
Astragalus
Buzhong Yiqi Tang Spleen/stomach deficiency with symptoms of fever, spontaneous sweating, shortness of breath, fatigue, organ prolapse.
20 g
30%
Yiqi Congming Tang Qi deficiency and failing of yang to rise with symptoms of impairment of vision or hearing.
15 g
12%
Guipi Tang Qi and blood deficiency with symptoms of anxiety, palpitation, insomnia, night sweating, fatigue, bleeding.
30 g
15%
Shiquan Dabu Tang Qi, blood and yang deficiency with symptoms of fatigue, asthmatic breathing, bleeding
15 g
16%
Yupingfeng San Qi deficiency with symptoms of spontaneous sweating and susceptibility to wind invasion.
30 g
25%
Danggui Buxue Tang Generates blood in severely deficient patient, usually after excessive uterine bleeding
30g
83%

Resources:

1. Upton, Roy. Astragalus Root.American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and Therapeutic Compendium August 1999.
2. Wagner, Hildebert; Bauer, Rudolf; Peigen, Xiao; Jianming, Chen; Michler, Hans. Radix Astragali Chinese Drug Monographs and Analysis. Vol. 1, No. 8 1997
3. Chang HM, But PH. Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Materia Medica vol. 2. Singapore World Sci.
4. Lau, BH; Ong, PY; Tosk, JM. Macrophage chemiluminescence modulated by Chinese medicinal herbs Astragalus membranaceus and Lingustrum lucidum. 1989.
5. Phaneuf, Holly. Herbs Demystified. Herbs Demystified, Marlow and Company, 2005.
6. Marazzoni, P; Bombardelli, E. Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bunge. Scientific documentation 30 Mar 1994.
7. Wang, D; Shen, W; Tian, Y; Sun, Z; Yuan, S; Jiang, C. the effects of the three components isolated from Astragalus mongholicus Bunge on scavenging Free Radical. Zhongguo Yaolixue Tongbao. 1994.
8. Bensky, Dan; Gamble, Andrew. Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica revised edition. Eastland Press, Seattle.1993.
9. Zhang, WD; Zhang, C; Liu, RH; Li, HL; Zhang, JT; Mao, C; Moran, S; Chen, CL. Preclinical pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of a natural cardioprotective agent astragaloside IV in rats and dogs doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.02.032
10. Dharmananda, Subhuti PhD. ASTRAGALUS, Practical Aspects of Administering the Herb. Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon http://www.itmonline.org/arts/astragalus.htm

11. Bensky, Dan; Barlet, Randall; Formulas and Strategies. Eastland Press, Seattle 1990.

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Fwd: Advanced Web Metrics

Advanced Web Metrics


Google Analytics IQ coupon

Posted: 07 Apr 2010 05:14 AM PDT

If you have a copy of the Google Analytics Book, you will know the second edition contains a 50% discount coupon for completing the GAIQ test – part of the Conversion University online learning centre. In turns out using this can be a little confusing and you may see a message saying “invalid code”.  This means you are trying to put it in the wrong field…! Don’t put the discount code in the first screen, that is for vouchers, which are different. Instead:

  • From the test start page, click purchase
  • select the GAIQ exam.
  • Enter the discount code from the book in the “Promotional Code” field – see screenshot

What is the GAIQ?

Back in 2007, while working at Google in London, my view was that there was far too little knowledge “out there” that helped digital marketers, web managers and developers learn the fundamentals of visitor measurement. I wanted to address this using Google Analytics as the example. In my opinion, the education gap for web analytics was going to be the next big step for Google Analytics adoption…

I approached this problem in two ways: Writing a Google Analytics book – a personal ambition of mine since 2003, when it was still Urchin; Developing a self-service, online course from Google with an optional exam – my professional goal at work. Hence, the vision behind the Google Analytics Individual Qualification (GAIQ) came about.

If you haven’t heard of the GAIQ, check it out – its well worth it if you wish to expand  your metrics understanding. In addition, the GAIQ exam demonstrates to your peers and potential employers, your analytical and product specific skills.

Building the GAIQ – from Europe…!

We started the process of building an online learning centre in late 2007. After 18 months of continuous development and refinement, the GAIQ launched to the public in March 2009. It was a huge achievement for the EMEA team and one that I am immensely proud of. The vast majority of product innovation comes out of Google’s head quarters in Mountain View. It was therefore good to give back*.

There are now millions of Google Analytics users around the globe for which the GAIQ is a great resource. To date, thousands of people have passed the GAIQ exam from over 50 countries.

*Although the innovation and initial development came from the Google EMEA team, Mountain Viewers were responsible for bringing the product to fruition. A huge part of making that happen came from Helen Huang – one of the nicest and most dedicated Googler’s I ever met.

Have you tried the GAIQ? Anyone passed it with 100% yet? I would love to hear about your experiences.


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